The hottest thermal power industry in China is dev

China's thermal power industry is developing rapidly, and the installed capacity of thermal power ranks first in the world

in order to develop the economy, electricity must go first. Electricity is the basic industry to ensure social and economic development and improve people's living standards, and electricity is the basic platform to connect power plants with users and optimize the allocation of energy resources

in the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China's power consumption has increased rapidly, and the total power consumption has jumped to the first place in the world; The internal structure of industrial power consumption has been continuously optimized, and the conversion of old and new kinetic energy is obvious; Remarkable achievements have been made in the reform of the power system, the accelerated improvement of the power market structure, the continuous warming of incremental distribution, and the continuous promotion of the reform of the power sales side, which have effectively supported the rapid development of the economy and society

Since the reform and opening up, China's thermal power industry has developed rapidly. The installed capacity of thermal power ranks first in the world and has reached the peak of the world's power industry. The pace of hydropower construction in China has also accelerated significantly, with the scale of new installed capacity hitting a new high over the years, and the structure and regional layout of new installed capacity have been further optimized

data show that in 1978, the installed capacity of electric power in China reached 57.12 million KW, an increase of nearly 30 times over 1949; The annual power generation is 256.6 billion kwh, an increase of nearly 59 times. Among them, the installed capacity of thermal power is 39.84 million KW. In the 1980s, Guangxu, Yantan, Manwan, Geheyan, Shuikou and other hydropower stations were successively built; In the 1990s, the construction of pumped storage power stations in Wuqiangxi, Lijiaxia and Tianhuangping began; By the end of 2000, with the completion and operation of a large number of hydropower stations such as Wanjiazhai, Ertan, Xiaolangdi, Tianshengqiao and Dachaoshan, China's hydropower installed capacity reached 77million kW, ranking second in the world

since 1996, China's installed power capacity, power generation and electricity consumption have remained second in the world, second only to the United States. At the end of 2011, the transmission lines of 220 kV and above reached 480000 kilometers, and the transformation capacity reached 2.2 billion KVA, ranking first in the world. By the end of 2017, the national installed capacity of full-scale power generation was 1777.08 million KW, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year, and the growth rate fell by 0.5 percentage points over the previous year

the scale of power consumption has gone through a glorious process of changing from small to large and rising repeatedly. In 1978, the national electricity coverage rate was less than half, and the electricity consumption of the whole society was only 249.8 billion kwh. In 1996, the electricity consumption of the whole society finally exceeded 1trillion kwh, and then the electricity consumption entered a period of rapid growth. It took 8 years (1997-2004) for the electricity consumption of the whole society to rise from 1trillion kwh to 2trillion kwh; In the following nine years, it rose to a higher level every three years, achieving breakthroughs of 3trillion, 4trillion and 5trillion kwh in 2007, 2010 and 2013 respectively. In 2011, China's electricity consumption ranked first in the world. In 2017, it reached 6.4 trillion kwh, an increase of more than 24 times over the initial stage of reform, and more than the electricity consumption of the entire Americas or Europe

the scale of electricity continues to grow

over the past 40 years, the scale of China's electricity has continued to grow. In 1978, the length of 220 kV and above transmission lines was only 23000 kilometers, and in 2017 it reached 688000 kilometers, an increase of 29 times; The transformation capacity rose from 25.28 million KVA to 3.73 billion KVA, an increase of 147 times. The construction of electricity has ensured an additional 1.7 billion kw of power supply and met the demand for an additional 6 trillion kwh of electricity, supported the rapid social and economic development, and served the largest population in the world

its leakage and pressure have been reduced to very small. The leaked oil is just used for the lubrication of anti lateral force bearings. In 1979, the state has made it clear that the development of the power industry should take the road of "west to East power transmission". In 1989, the first ± 500 kV Gehu DC transmission line connected Sichuan and Shanghai, which were about 2000 kilometers away, and opened the prelude to cross regional connection. In November, 2011, with the commissioning of the Qinghai Tibet ± 400 kV connection project, the national connection pattern was basically formed, with the exception of Taiwan, and the resource allocation capacity taking the lead in the world. In 2017, the national inter provincial exchange of electricity exceeded 1trillion kWh (an increase of 8 times compared with 2003), accounting for one sixth of the total social electricity consumption

at the beginning of reform and opening up, the highest voltage level of China's electricity was 330 kV, 500 kV in 1981, ± 500 kV in 1989, 750 kV in 2005, and the first 1000 kV high-voltage transmission line (Southeast Shanxi Jingmen) was completed and put into operation in 2009. China's electricity has entered the era of ultra-high voltage; In 2010, two ± 800 kV high-voltage DC transmission lines (Yunguang, Shangshang) were completed and put into operation, and China ushered in the era of UHV AC/DC hybrid power. At present, the ± 1100 kV Xinjiang Zhundong Anhui Wannan UHVDC transmission line (3324 kilometers) under construction will be completed and put into operation at the end of the year, which will set a new record at that time

at present, China has made a number of major achievements in the fields of UHV, smart electricity, large power operation control and new energy integration, and some core technologies have achieved from "catching up and following" to "created in China" and "led by China"

the industrial power consumption structure has been continuously optimized

the power consumption structure has been continuously optimized, and has shown significant phased characteristics. The proportion of industrial power consumption shows an S-shaped trend with the process of industrialization in China

From 1978 to 2000, China was in the initial stage of industrialization, with the rapid rise of light industry, dominated by food, textile and other industries, and the industrial development took on a light structure. On May 13, EDT, manual labor and labor-intensive industries accounted for the absolute advantage of the failure of tensile testing machine operation. Tensile testing machine is in the process of ordinary life operation; At the same time, the service industry has just started, and the growth rate of electricity consumption is fast. Affected by this, the proportion of industrial power consumption continues to decline, but it is still higher than 71%. From 2001 to 2008, China was in the middle stage of industrialization, and heavy industry replaced light industry as the main driving force of industrial growth. The rapid growth of steel, aluminum, cement, chemical industry and other industries led to the rapid growth of industrial power consumption, and the proportion of industrial power consumption rose. However, due to the rapid growth of service industry and residential power consumption, the proportion of industrial power consumption rose by a limited margin, about 75%. Since 2009, China has entered the late stage of industrialization, and the mode of relying on high investment and heavy chemical industry led development is unsustainable. Some industrial industries have obvious overcapacity, and industrial economic growth has entered a downward cycle. The proportion of electricity consumption has shown a rapid downward trend, reaching the lowest value of 69% in 40 years

the internal structure of industrial power consumption has been continuously optimized, and the conversion of old and new kinetic energy is obvious. In the early stage of industrialization (1978-2000), light industry was the leading force in the economy, The average annual power consumption growth rate of the four high energy consuming industries (including chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, the same below) and equipment manufacturing industry (including metal products industry, general and special equipment manufacturing industry, transportation/electrical/electronic equipment manufacturing industry, the same below) is basically the same, with 7.3% and 6.6% respectively, The growth rate is slower than that of the whole society. In the middle stage of industrialization (2001-2008), the heavy industrialization of China's economic development has become increasingly prominent. The average annual growth rate of the four high energy consumption and equipment manufacturing industries has significantly increased compared with the previous stage, with growth rates of 15.2% and 16.9% respectively. As China enters the late stage of industrialization (from 2009 to now), especially after the "new normal" of the economy, due to the accelerated promotion of economic structural adjustment and the remarkable results of continuous industrial transformation and upgrading, the growth rate of power consumption in high energy consuming industries is gradually declining, with an average annual growth rate of only 5.8%, which is less than the level of the early stage of industrialization, but the power consumption of equipment manufacturing industry still maintains a high level of growth, with an average annual growth rate of 9.4%, After becoming the "new normal", it is a new driving force to drive the growth of power consumption in the secondary industry

from the perspective of the difference in the growth rate of electricity consumption, before 2014, the growth rate of electricity consumption of living services was generally faster than that of productive services. Since 2015, the growth rate of electricity consumption of productive services has significantly overtaken that of living services, reflecting that China's industrial restructuring has entered a new stage, and the ability of the service industry to support industrial production has been improved

the reform of power system has achieved remarkable results

since the reform and opening up, China's power system reform has generally experienced four stages

from 1978 to 1985, it mainly solved the serious shortage of power supply. We will promote "raising funds to run electricity" to solve the problem of insufficient funds for power construction

From 1987 to 2002, it mainly solved the problem of the integration of government and enterprises. Put forward the "twenty character policy" of "separating government from enterprises, taking provinces as entities, combining electricity, unified dispatching, and raising funds to run electricity" and the power reform and development policy of "adapting to local conditions"

the main task of the "No. 5" document in February 2002 is "separation of factories and bidding". At the same time, pilot power markets in Northeast China, East China and other regions have been carried out, as well as the separation of main and auxiliary power, energy-saving power generation scheduling, large user direct trading, power generation rights trading, rural power system reform and other institutional obstacles to investment and development. The reform of China's electric power system in 2002 fundamentally changed the dilemma of difficult investment in hydropower construction, and made China's hydropower development enter a new stage of high-speed development. In 2004, just after the reform of China's power system was launched, the installed capacity and power generation of hydropower surpassed that of all countries in the world, becoming the first. And from then on, there will be no repetition. Today, both the installed capacity and power generation of hydropower in China are more than three times that of the second country in the world

the "No. 9" document in March 2015 mainly includes "three liberalizing, one independent and three strengthening". At present, the new electricity reform has made positive progress, which not only has the basic establishment of trading institutions, the full coverage of the reform of transmission and distribution electricity prices, the market-oriented trading electricity volume exceeded expectations, the continuous emergence of new electricity distribution entities, the pilot opening of the electricity spot market, and the preliminary establishment of trading rules and market supervision, but also greatly promoted the market-oriented reform, promoted the continuous emergence of new forms of power industry, and the vast number of industrial and commercial users really shared the reform dividend. From 2016 to 2017, the state reduced electricity prices by examining and approving provincial electricity transmission and distribution prices, expanding direct electricity trading, and improving the implementation of basic electricity prices, allowing industrial and commercial enterprises to share more than 200billion yuan of electricity reform dividends, reducing energy costs by more than 320billion yuan, and promoting the revitalization of the real economy

this year marks the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, and it is also the first year to implement the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress. Under this new historical coordinate, China's power consumption situation will continue to follow the characteristics since the late industrialization, with the total volume continuing to grow, the industrial and industrial structure continuing to be optimized, and the per capita power consumption level will reach and exceed the global average level. At a new starting point, the economy will be supported by higher quality power consumption to achieve high-quality development